PRAKTIK GHARAR DALAM TRANSAKSI EKONOMI ISLAM: TELAAH TERHADAP KAIDAH FIQHIYAH
Abstract
One of the legal maxim states that a transaction can be damaged if there are many things that the consequences cannot be known (gharar) before the transaction occurs and it is not damaged if it is small. The author in this case aims to examine the criteria for a transaction that is considered damaged, as well as an explanation of the types of gharar that are prohibited and permissible based on the description given by this legal maxim. The method used in this article is library research with descriptive analysis. The result is that the permissibility of gharar is when the gharar is assessed a little. As for how to find out the size of the amount of gharar that has occurred is which has become a common practice where if in a transaction there is a bit of gharar that has been accepted as part of market tradition, then it is considered normal by people and no party feels disadvantaged.
Abstrak
Salah satu kaidah fiqhiyah menyatakan bahwa suatu transaksi bisa rusak bila banyak terdapat hal yang tidak dapat diketahui akibatnya sebelum transaksi terjadi dan tidak rusak bila sedikit. Penulis dalam hal ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kriteria akad yang dianggap rusak, sekaligus penjelasan jenis gharar yang dilarang dan dibolehkan berdasarkan gambaran yang diberikan oleh kaidah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini yaitu library research dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasilnya, bahwa kebolehan gharar adalah bilamana gharar itu dinilai sedikit. Adapun cara mengetahui ukuran sedikit dari gharar yang terjadi yaitu gharar yang telah menjadi kebiasaan umum yang mana jika dalam sebuah transaksi terdapat sedikit gharar yang sudah diterima sebagai bagian dari tradisi pasar, lantas dianggap biasa oleh orang-orang dan tidak ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan.
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